1 Look at the Grammar box. Read the sentences (a–c). Then answer the questions.1 Which tense is each of the verb forms in bold? 2 Why do you think the different forms are used?Present perfect forms and past simplea D'Aloisio's first investor contacted him by email from Hong Kong.b Kickstarter has been running for several years now. c Most successful entrepreneurs have failed at least once. 2 Based on your ideas in exercise 1, complete the summary using each of the forms.The number of entrepreneurs (1) ... (grow) ever since the arrival of new technology and online services. This new technology (2) ... (reduce) the barriers that previously (3)... (discourage) people from setting up a business. 3 Choose the correct option to complete the text.Topher White is a young entrepreneur. At university he trained as a physicist, but since 2012 he (1)...a nonprofit company, Rainforest Connection, to help prevent the illegal practice of logging*. He (2)a system using old mobile phones and solar power to hear the sound of saws and vehicles that illegal loggers use. The phones then send a warning to guards so they can stop the activity before it does too much damage. Topher first (3) ... the system in Borneo, and in 2014, his Kickstarter campaign (4) ... almost $170,000 to expand the company. Since then he has been active with groups such as the Tembe tribe in South America as well as with people in Africa. He (5) ... on adaptation of the system in Indonesia for several months now. They have successfully detected a lot of illegal activity. The work Topher is doing is important because in some parts of the world they (6)... ten percent of forest cover this century, and deforestation is one of the biggest contributors to climate change. 1 a ranb has runc has been running2 a invented b has inventedc has been inventing3 a testedb has tested c has been testing4 a raised  b has raised c has been raising5 a worked  b has worked c has been working6 a lostb have lostc have been losing 4 Complete the sentences so they are true for you.1 I haven't... since… 2 … has been doing a lot better since…3 I… over the last five years.4 I…  for the first time last year.5 The number of…  has grown a lot over the last few years.  5 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in the box. Use the past simple and the present perfect (continuous).appearpublishbebecomepractiserunset upvisitwinAnna Lewandowska used to be a sportswoman, but is now recognised as a successful entrepreneur. She started her sports career at the age of 13. She (1) karate and soon (2)... so good at it that she started representing Poland in many European and international championships. She (3) ... over 30 medals and she ended her sports career in 2014.In 2016, Anna (4)... her own blog called Healthy Plant by Ann. She gives advice regarding physical workouts and diets there. She (5) ... hundreds of useful posts. there (and a few books as well) and thousands of fans. (6) her website regularly since then.Since 2016, Anna Lewandowska (7) ... a company that specialises in the production and sales of healthy food. There are lots of different products that (8) in the company's portfolio so far, including smoothies, muesli, and kitchen accessories.She's also known as wife of one of the best Polish footballers, Robert Lewandowski. They (9)... married since 2013. 6 Work in groups. Try to convince other students that you would make the best entrepreneur. Use present perfect forms and the past simple.I've been running our school debating team for the last two years, so I believe that I can negotiate well with other people.I studied for nine exams last year, so I think I'm capable of handling stress and pressure. 7 Work in pairs. You're working on a new invention and you're planning to put your project on Kickstarter to gather money for its production. Discuss the following aspects:details of your inventionamount of money needed what this money will pay forways to promote the project